Author(s)

Zhang Yangchenxi

Corresponding Author

Zhang Yangchenxi

Abstract

It should be set in 12-point font size. There should be a space before of 18-point and after of 0-point. With the increasing global popularity of road cycling, aerodynamic performance has become a key determinant of bicycle efficiency, especially at high speeds where air resistance accounts for 70–90% of a cyclist’s power output. This study focuses on the Canyon Aeroad CFR, a state-of-the-art aerodynamic road bicycle frame, utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze and optimize its airflow characteristics under high-speed, level-ground conditions. A detailed three-dimensional model of the frame was constructed, incorporating critical aerodynamic features such as a streamlined tube profile, rear wheel cutout, integrated handlebars, and fully internal cable routing. The simulations were performed using the k-ω SST turbulence model in ANSYS Fluent, across a range of wind speeds and yaw angles (0°–20°). Results demonstrate that the Aeroad CFR achieves a drag area of approximately 0.09 m² at zero yaw, significantly outperforming traditional round-tube frames by reducing aerodynamic drag by over 30%. Small yaw angles exhibited a beneficial “sail effect,” slightly decreasing drag, while larger yaw angles led to increased flow separation and drag. Local analysis revealed that the head tube, fork, and cockpit are primary sources of drag, while the seat tube cutout effectively reduces wake turbulence behind the rear wheel. Design comparisons indicate that integrated handlebars and internal cable routing reduce drag by up to 8 W at racing speeds. Based on the simulation results, targeted structural optimizations are proposed to further enhance aerodynamic performance. This work provides new insights and design guidelines for future development of high-performance road bicycle frames.

Keywords

Bicycle Aerodynamics, Road Bike Frame, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Canyon Aeroad CFR