Author(s)

Zihang Wang

Corresponding Author

Zihang Wang

Abstract

Environmental monitoring is of great importance, and the Internet of Things (IoT) as a core supporting technology is also indispensable; among its key attributes, IoT communication energy consumption plays a critical role in ensuring stable system operation, while the capability of IoT to support both long-distance and short-distance monitoring is essential for achieving comprehensive and efficient environmental monitoring. Targeting the communication energy efficiency issues in the Internet of Things (IoT) for environmental monitoring, this paper systematically analyzes the energy consumption characteristics of short-range and long-range communication technologies, as well as their typical energy efficiency optimization mechanisms. It summarizes the strategies of different technologies for reducing wireless activation duration, transmission power, and data reporting frequency, and further discusses the limitations of existing research and future development directions. This paper can provide a reference for the design and deployment of high-energy-efficiency IoT systems for environmental monitoring.

Keywords

long-range communication, short-range communication, environmental monitoring, communication energy efficiency, energy efficiency optimization