Author(s)

Yuwen Zhang

Corresponding Author

Yuwen Zhang

Abstract

This study investigated the removal efficiency of acetamiprid residues from spinach using different cleaning agents. A 25% simulated acetamiprid solution was applied to spinach leaves, which were then cleaned with sodium bicarbonate solution, acetic acid, or commercial cleaners at varying concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%) and times (1–20 min). Residual acetamiprid was quantified using a QuEChERS extraction method followed by HPLC–UV analysis. Results showed that both cleaning agent concentration and washing time significantly affected pesticide removal (p < 0.05). The 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and commercial cleaners achieved the highest removal efficiency, while acetic acid was less effective. These findings provide practical guidance for reducing pesticide residues on leafy vegetables through simple washing treatments.

Keywords

Acetamiprid residues, HPLC–UV analysis, QuEChERS extraction